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ODP's article on antipope john xxiii h See also: Pope John XXIII
See also: Pope John (numbering)
Baldassarre Cossa (c. 1370 – 22 December 1419) was Antipope John XXIII during the Western Schism (1410–1415).
BiographyBaldassarre Cardinal Cossa was born in Procida (according to other sources, Ischia). He was one of the seven cardinals who, in May 1408, deserted Pope Gregory XII, and, with those belonging to the obedience of Antipope Benedict XIII, convened the Council of Pisa, of which Cossa became the leader. They elected Antipope Alexander V in 1409. Cossa succeeded him a year later. Edward Gibbon asserts in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire that John XXIII was charged with piracy, murder, rape, sodomy and incest, with the more serious charges being suppressed.[1] The 1910 Catholic Encyclopedia, however, remarks that although John's "moral life was not above reproach, and his unscrupulous methods in no wise accorded with the requirements of his high office . . . the heinous crimes of which his opponents in the council accused him were certainly gravely exaggerated."[2]
He died in Florence, as cardinal bishop of Tusculum, in 1419. He is buried in a tomb in the Battistero di San Giovanni in Florence. Numbering issuesMain article: Pope John (numbering)
He should not be confused with Pope John XXIII of the twentieth century. When Angelo Cardinal Roncalli was elected and became Pope John, there was some confusion as to whether he would be John XXIII or John XXIV; he then declared that he was John XXIII to put this question to rest. There was no John XX; for example, Gibbon refers to the antipope John as John XXII. See also
Notes and references
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